MakeDTInterval¶

Overview¶

The MakeDTInterval expression creates a day-time interval value from separate day, hour, minute, and second components. This expression is used to construct DayTimeIntervalType values programmatically by combining individual time unit values into a single interval representation.

Syntax¶

make_dt_interval(days, hours, minutes, seconds)
make_dt_interval(days, hours, minutes)
make_dt_interval(days, hours)
make_dt_interval(days)
make_dt_interval()

Arguments¶

Argument	Type	Description
`days`	IntegerType	Number of days in the interval (optional, defaults to 0)
`hours`	IntegerType	Number of hours in the interval (optional, defaults to 0)
`minutes`	IntegerType	Number of minutes in the interval (optional, defaults to 0)
`seconds`	DecimalType(MAX_LONG_DIGITS, 6)	Number of seconds including microsecond precision (optional, defaults to 0)

Return Type¶

Returns a DayTimeIntervalType() representing the constructed interval.

Supported Data Types¶

days: Integer values
hours: Integer values
minutes: Integer values
seconds: Decimal values with up to 6 decimal places for microsecond precision

Algorithm¶

Accepts up to 4 parameters with multiple constructor overloads for flexibility
Validates input types through implicit casting to ensure proper data types
Uses IntervalUtils.makeDayTimeInterval() to perform the actual interval construction
Preserves microsecond precision by accepting seconds as DecimalType rather than losing precision through conversion
Incorporates query context for proper error reporting during interval creation

Partitioning Behavior¶

Preserves partitioning: Yes, this is a deterministic expression that does not require data movement
Requires shuffle: No, the expression operates on individual rows independently

Edge Cases¶

Null handling: Expression is null-intolerant (nullIntolerant = true), meaning if any input is null, the result is null
Default values: Missing parameters default to 0 (literal values)
Precision handling: Seconds parameter uses DecimalType with 6 decimal places to preserve microsecond precision
Overflow behavior: Delegates to IntervalUtils.makeDayTimeInterval() for overflow validation and error handling
Error context: Includes query context information for meaningful error messages when interval construction fails

Code Generation¶

This expression supports Tungsten code generation through the doGenCode method. It generates efficient Java code that directly calls IntervalUtils.makeDayTimeInterval() with the provided parameters, avoiding interpreted evaluation overhead.

Examples¶

-- Create a 5-day, 3-hour, 30-minute, 45.5-second interval
SELECT make_dt_interval(5, 3, 30, 45.5);

-- Create a 2-day interval
SELECT make_dt_interval(2);

-- Create a 1-day, 12-hour interval  
SELECT make_dt_interval(1, 12);

-- Create an empty interval
SELECT make_dt_interval();

// DataFrame API usage
import org.apache.spark.sql.functions._

// Create interval from literal values
df.select(expr("make_dt_interval(5, 3, 30, 45.5)"))

// Create interval from column values
df.select(expr("make_dt_interval(day_col, hour_col, min_col, sec_col)"))